Sunday 26 December 2010

Well if the Queen says so...

The Queen's Christmas Speech 2010

'During this past year of abundant sporting events I've seen for myself just how important sport is in bringing people together from all backgrounds, from all walks of life and from all age groups. In the parks of towns and cities, and on village greens up and down the country, countless thousands of people every week give up their time to participate in sport and exercise of all sorts, or simply encourage others to do so. These kinds of activity are common throughout the world and play a part in providing a different perspective on life. Apart from developing physical fitness sport and games can also teach vital social skills, none can be enjoyed without biding by the rules and no team can hope to succeed without co-operation between the players, this sort of positive team spirit can benefit communities, companies and enterprises of all kinds.'

Monday 6 December 2010

The Abercrombie Plan 1944


http://bigthink.com/ideas/21126


http://www.gardenvisit.com/landscape_architecture/london_landscape_architecture/landscape_planning_pos_public_open_space/1943-44_abercrombie_plan


http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/English/Collections/OnlineResources/X20L/Themes/1337/1075/


http://www.gardenvisit.com/landscape_architecture/london_landscape_architecture/landscape_planning_pos_public_open_space/abercrombie_plan_chapter_open_space

Land used for allotments during the war and bomb-damaged areas presented a post-war opportunity for a network of open spaces that Abercrombie hoped would contribute to the improvement of people’s health and wellbeing.

‘Standards of Open Space’ recommended that, for every thousand city inhabitants, there should be at least four acres of open space available.

Abercrombie proposed a network of ‘parkways’ to run along existing roads and footpaths to provide connections ‘from garden to park, from park to parkway, from parkway to green wedge and from green wedge to Green Belt’.

Most of Abercrombie’s plan was never implemented in its totality; some parts were, though. The most developed part is the Lee Valley Regional Park Authority, created by a special Act of Parliament in 1968 and today still funded by a tax on all of London – apparently despite the fact that the park is mainly used by locals.

Friday 3 December 2010

T27 Start Again #2 Liza Fior (MUF): Villa Frankenstein

Understanding places as archetypes of development.
'How are thoughts made into things?' From detail to strategy and back again.
Idea of 'offering' something through architecture. Smithsons. see link:

http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PbT8SWIOHNgC&pg=PA16&lpg=PA16&dq=peter+smithsons+offering&source=bl&ots=FPjGmX5sYh&sig=-ibZmcPXHZx5BNAMHD3NuMUenDk&hl=en&ei=iDH5TI6dO8G3hQfVlYCACQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=11&ved=0CEsQ6AEwCg#v=onepage&q=peter%20smithsons%20offering&f=false


Alison and Peter Smithson: from the house of the future to a house of today By Dirk van den Heuvel, Max Risselada, Peter Smithson, Beatriz Colomina, Design Museum (London, England)

For a piece about Smithson's Pavilion and Patio:

'Henderson, Paolozzi and the Smithsons collaborated on Patio & Pavillion, an installment of painters, architects and sculptors at the Whitechapel Gallery...here too , the position of the visitor played an essential part in the definitive organisation of the installation. Thirty-four years after the exhibition, the Smithsons were to write: 'Our Patio and Pavilion answered a "programme of our own making, offering a definitive statement of another attitude to "collaboration": the "dressing" of a building, its place, by the "art of inhabitation".'

MUF's programme had to comply to the brief of 'People meeting in architecture', a tight budget and a shorter timescale.

Projects are funded by briefs and jobs, and hence are economically driven to a certain extent. 'You go over time on the programme... How do you make money?' personal attachement to projects mean that they are continued even when there's no time left for them 'our bank manager said we should have gone bankrupt 15 years ago...'

To address the factor of a tight budget, MUF tried to logicaly think and use it wisely, one cut being in transportation costs, so the project was hand made in Venice. (1:10 of olympic pavilion.)

I didn't go to Biennale, so can't judge first hand, but from the presentation, I felt that there were a few too many things going on. The creation of a salt marsh, a seemingly irrelevant 'puddle' that needed to be pumped everyday and refilled with fresh water. Even a journalist said that after studying it he felt he didn't know it at all. Were they almost apologetic for the fact that they didn't have enough time?

Hybrid - not a succesful one? The idea of children drawing is enough, Ruskin's books is another strand, collections of photographs another, childrens dens anoother...Territory that comes with handing over is that everything becomes a bit jumbled in nature?

Much study of Venice and use of its public/private spaces by adults and children alike. 'Take care of what you have as replacing it is very complex' in relation to their salt flat but applies generally. Playable landscapes are OK in Venice, so should be OK in the UK. The scapes of Venice showed a lot more life in the 'inbetween' of outdoor and indoor, in courtyards.

'2 way traffic', bringing back ideas started in Venice to projects in East London. Highstreet 2012. Collage takes a long time. What relevance does 'made here' have on the visitor - getting hands dirty is a good thing.

Economy of tension between exhibits, questions the way of currating to become far more propositional.

'Public'? Who are they? The exhibition wasn't open to the public. Exhibitions tend to be looked at differently when payed for. There's a need by the audience to take every detail in, to be, not just to pass by. So for 20euros I think I would sit for a while. And draw.

Example of how a relatively small practice can make a difference on a global scale, though these are very unique circumstances. Bringing people together can make good things. ie architect and planner??? Can an architect and planning policies get along?

Reconnecting communities in Hackney Wick 'Fish Island', is this what you call localism?

Very incremental approach to design and planning of space. But should this be the permanent method? Deconstructing economics to get the best out of the system, but we can't make do and mend forever. Should there be a clearer methodology of how we make better spaces from the outset? And are these places appreciated more because they've been saved? Melodrama.

Wednesday 1 December 2010

T24.5 Start Again #1

In the first of the 'Start Again' half of the lecture series, Peter Carl returned to give a summary of his initial 'rip up' of the contemporary city. He addressed how through our 'duty of care', we as architects are preoccupied with 'doing good', creating salvation through social engineering, when in reality the city needs its proportion of 'bad' and conflict to function. Though I agree that architects shouldn't merely insert pretty pieces into the city and hope that solves a problem, the work seen later in the lecture by Studio Weave was of a very aesthetic nature, yet was well received by the public. (Though these pieces look to be mainly set in the better parts of the city in the first place), ie Somerset House:



Maria Smith from Studio Weave presented using the metaphor of bridges to convey ideas. the most prominent idea being the disconnection between an architect's social conscience and their need to make a living. Why are they mutually exclusive? Can a project be playful but also make money? An interesting point was raised at the end of the lecture of whether small practices can take a bigger role in their 'playful designs' and design buildings that are less invisible but equally as carefully designed. Why should mainly big practices with the higher PI cover get the more high profile jobs? There should be a bigger push in the profession to share big schemes between smaller practices rather than tackling all design scales of a big project within one office. Money shouldn't be the only motivator in making a team work, personal and team motivation is important (sometimes seen in the creation of stories to aid in a schemes selling).

Maurice Mitchell continued the theme of ethics in architecture, questioning how we should practice, with narrative courage, modesty and wakefulness. 'Sometimes great design occurs where there are no architects', accommodating particular design rather than 'throwing the baby away with the bath water.'

David Kohn's presentation of the situation in art gallery design was very current, questioning how local communities will be able to involve themselves in the art world if there is no funding in it anymore. His sensitive and grounded response in promoting green spaces and art cohesively seemed effective, where the woodlands cut to accommodate a new art centre would be constructed using the felled wood and also used as fuel to run the facilities, so that the parks themselves are not purely there to be enjoyed as recreational spaces but have an active use. This part of the lecture seemed very relevant to our unit work as we focus on the difficulty in designing to conserve our city's green spaces, doing so in an appropriate way. This approach seemed appropriate.

Kohn's diagram of a collaboration way of working rather than the traditional divides between consultants, contractors, commissioners etc was also intuitive and seemed to echo discussions regarding consultation held in our proposition seminars of working with others and our role as designers.

Particularity rather than general was important to this lecture, though every presentation and project shown contained a more particular approach to design, from unique schools in india, to never ending benches on beaches by Studio Weave.

Tuesday 30 November 2010

Sowing design on New Islington’s fallow ground


The assumption by the comment: that allotments would be the 'most constructive' way of using the land was argued against quite well. In the task of inserting natural spaces, we are often too quick to jump to the conclusion of allotments. Can we describe walking through a field of flax as 'simple community use of the site'?


'the buildings seem almost swallowed up by the vastness of the landscape'

How do we design for vast open areas...issues of scale...contrast of horizontal vs vertical.

Thursday 25 November 2010

T20 Next steps....

Looking at garden cities and their relation to the importance of green spaces and conservation in today's city. This ties in well with our unit work as its focus is on conservation in the tottenham area and spaces near the sea/lake in odessa. There was also a big emphasis on the 'Health Walk' along the coast of Odessa, which was scattered with outdoor gyms, pavilions and people cycling/walking. This conservation in Tottenham and Odessa could be promoted by better connectivity to, and use of, the spaces in terms of health and leisure, linking in with the green grid plan and the olympic park further down the valley. For this reason I am interested in the lecture given by Will Steadman on the philanthropic planners and current collaborations with organisations such as tesco in Bromley by Bow, (inclusion of frontage to canal, improvement of transport links, and catering for needs ie primary school relevant.)

I was also very interested in Monday's lecture on the Olympic park and its fringes, and its relevance to the develpoment of green healthy sports spaces in Tottenham - would like to look at 5th studio fat walk with this. On a side line to both of these lectures, the talk on urban markers may be useful as I would like to explore how these markers can be used effectively to create a 'destination' quality to both Tottenham and Odessa, especially when going from the dense infrastructure of Tottenham Hhale to the canal, similar to connections to the olympic park from Stratford.

Sunday 21 November 2010

T19 Rip It Up Lecture #5 Belfast

There are in the country beautiful vistas, lordly parks, violetescent woods, fresh air, sounds of rippling water; but too often one sees those threatening words, “Trespassers will be prosecuted”’ Sir Ebenezer Howard, Garden Cities of Tomorrow pg. 5

These words reminded me of the beginning of the Belfast lecture. I know relatively little about the history of Belfast, only that it has a history of sectarian conflict.

Howard's quote above holds a similar contrasting quality to that of David Brett's who spoke for the first part of the lecture, giving an atmospheric depiction of Belfast, traditional in his use of a white board and marker pen. Geographical lines were layered whilst describing its physical terrain, its beauty, its historical background and how the linen industry formed around the river banks. I'm not quite sure when these descriptive tones changed to those of unease. Perhaps it was when a hypothetical walker was suddenly faced with an angry farmer claiming they were trespassing. Yes, that's probably the relevance of the quote.

Before long the dialogue settled on the hostile environment of the scarred city: the transformation of previous straight grid road systems into cul-de-sacs to prevent the number of drive-through shootings, the peace lines...'Fragmented regional governance creates fragmented peace'...perhaps this is why it was said, 'the nature of cities is something we have no control over.' I'm not sure what this sentence was alluding to. Is it an explanation of what has happened historically in Belfast through consequence of differing religions? Is it in relation to the organic growth of settlement surrounding the river and the linen industry therewith? Or the fragmented government's lack of control? Is it because the peace walls sporadically appeared overnight? All of the above perhaps.

And a sprinkling of Heidegger: Existential space vs Metric space, if we didn't have enough to think about...

The second half of the lecture was a little more practical in its depiction of Belfast. Mark Hackett from Hackett Hall McKnight is co-founder of the campaigning group Forum for Alternative Belfast.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2009/jun/03/public-inquiry-mark-hackett

The loss the city has experienced was evident, especially in the mappings of used and unused buildings, and the complete lack of pedestrian connection between north and south. A car dependent city, too unsafe to walk. The housing conditions looked dire, 3 meter wide living rooms, sometimes not even that. Mixed used developments that people were proud of housed car parks on the ground flour, inbetween a network of cold concrete walls. Government masterplanners turning their backs on peace walls...it was evident that a 'start again' is needed in Belfast.

What FORUM appears to be doing looks like a good start. I especially liked the barber shop boys, and thinking of ways to inspire community confidence - to trust design confidence - to build commercial confidence. The summer school has started to encourage people who have a common interest in helping to do it themselves.

Additional words form Fran Balaam, Michael Corr and Lara Gibson emphasised this need to inspire confidence in residents to want more from their city. I suppose this endeavour holds similarities to the efforts of the biennial in Liverpool, sparking interest in the community through art and architecture and public events to get people excited and involved.

Ideas of unity within the city were posed by the ending panel. Unity through language? Or would this create divided cultural quarters? Linguistic differences creating new barriers? According to Patrick Lynch, 'Good walls make good neighbours...' should we be looking to the 'contrade' of Sienna and its competitive Palio as precedents? The football crowds of Rome? All cities need a bit of good and bad...in this case I think not. Connections in the city are a good thing sometimes.

T18 Manifesto #2

I just re-read my initial Manifesto. I'm quite embarrassed. One of our tasks recently was to write a job application for a position we're definitely not (yet) qualified or ready for, I think this is how I felt writing the last manifesto. I don't think any of the previous experience I talked about in that manifesto applies much to what I'm learning now. And what I should know from previous lectures I can't remember. Thank goodness it's all written down in books.

I have a way to go in getting used to the world of planning, its lingo, and what it all means, but this course is definitely giving me a window, a rather large viewing window into it. I thought my previous work in practice would be relevant. In some ways it is, in lots of ways it's not. Topdownbottomupbottomheavylocalismpolicy...it's still all a little confusing. But my physics teacher used to say that it'd all decant through in the end, and it's quite nice having things trickling through up there again.

We were asked today whether we have experience in submitting planning applications. I don't really think I do. I'm not sure if I want to, not with the way the system is at the moment (said in hope of making change). I understand now why the word 'propositional' was being bandied around during our introductory talks. It seems quite hard to be propositional where planning is involved.

The word 'Consultation' is also used a lot. It's almost a defence mechanism for anything that gets built, or for anything that wants to get built. The dynamic between planner and architect was an interesting one on the 'Mayor's Great Spaces' talk day. Some had consulted each other more than others it seems. And strangely enough, the ones who had done this ‘consulting’ had a closer relationship and tended to speak a similar language. This is the language I'd like to speak; the inbetween one. (Welsh isn't really that useful).

T17 Glossary of Terms #2

PLANNING - General controlled creation through policy.

Planning – Setting of parameters that define how a built form is developed, in consideration of its historical context and current surroundings.

SPATIAL PLANNING - Placing/taking away to optimise an enviornment.

Spatial Planning – Improvement of a space used by the public, from small to large scale, assessing its social use and movement patterns, to optimise its environment.

DESIGN - Creating through thinking and testing.

Design – Creative thinking regarding all facets and use of an object or space, allowing for ease and comfort when experienced.

URBAN DESIGN - Consideration, on a number of social, practical, and political levels, in the design of spaces.

Urban Design - Strategically creating a set of rules or ‘framework’ on a wider scale that, through analysis of context, user groups and infrastructure, protects existing attributes and culture, yet allows for the development of new routes, public and private architecture, and the spaces inbetween.

CONTEXT - Our surroundings. Awareness.

Context – Researched information regarding the surroundings of a site, that can be approached from many aspects: historical, environmental, social, economical, political.

EDGES - Change in condition

Edges – An area or border line that exposes a contrast between contextual issues ie Religious boundaries, old and new, rich and poor.

SCALE - Relation of size to space

Scale – The ratio at which an area is observed, that dictates how detailed the observation is, and how large an area is viewed.

URBAN - Un-empty built space.

Urban – Classification of a type of settlement, different to a rural area due to an increase in built form and public space and amenities.

AESTHETIC - Visual appearance

Aesthetic – How an object, graphic, building or any visual is evaluated in terms of its appearance.

INFRASTRUCTURE - Hard, social, green, anything that serves.

Infrastructure – An arrangement of services connecting to feed a space or building.

FACADE – Frontage.

Fa̤ade РMateriality of the external envelope of a building.

CONSULTATION - Talking to people.

T15 History, Theory and Policy Essay

How are the changing roles and relationships between reformist movements, philanthropic organisations, and the state in planning up to 1940 relevant to the present day?

In progress


T14 Rip It Up Lecture # 4 Liverpool

This lecture seemed quite fragmented in its approach to presenting current work being done in Liverpool. On one hand there was an emphasis on Art and Architecture, and the biennial, and on the other, the state of disrepair of the housing in parts of the city. The Biennial didn't seem to be adhesive enough in its approach to merging the two themes, apart from its use of central derelict buildings for its exhibition spaces. As the article in the Times stated, presenting art was its aim, not drawing attention to the state of low income housing.

http://www.biennial.com/

"The shows are scattered all over the city, often in pretty strange places, but the overall ambition — to introduce British audiences to up-and-coming international artists and trends — is adhered to excellently." The Times

In terms of art and architecture, there were a number of projects that were interesting, not purely due to the aesthetic quality of said pieces, but due to the inclusion of the community and different organisations in their production. The barge project made the canal more accessible to all, involving locals, British waterways organisation, the barge owners and passers by, to create a lively atmosphere, introducing a more playful use to the canal.

The neon animals on buildings, though perhaps seemingly pointless, brought communities together as the school children were the ones to produce them; in the same way that school plays can often bring parent groups together whilst the children rehearse, the bright and obvious pieces would generate conversation between residents.

Though I believe the biennial could have done more in drawing attention to housing and architecture in the city, the benefit of such community inclusive art projects is that the ball begins rolling in activating public participation in surroundings and strengthening their duty of care. This personal relation to surroundings can also be seen in the promotion of old Beatles' houses as tourist destinations, meaning that these housing areas don't get demolished and left empty or replaced by equally bad housing, but are kept as a relics to British pop and 60's housing. The next step would be bettering and caring for the neighbouring housing rather than just leaving it to fall into disrepair like many other buildings seen in the lecture.

Public inclusion can also be seen in the use of a residing artist from the Netherlands working with locals around the old Liverpool FC stadium and in the themes of the actual Biennial, where reuse of materials (ie clothes fixing) is encouraged.

On a different note, I found the last part of the lecture very interesting, partly due to its relevance to the morning lecture at the building centre on Urban Markers. The talk turned to the "Big Art Project" as featured on TV, where due to the local people's want for this art work, it went ahead, and was well received by the community who all came to its opening/unveiling ceremony, standing tall in the landscape promoting Liverpool's urban renewal.

T13 Photo Essay: Soho Spaces











T11 Site Mapping



Current Policies in Place on our site in Tottenham




Walking routes on site and around reservoirs










Land Typologies





Physical Mapping - Pylons and Bridges and other industrial fixtures


Saturday 20 November 2010

T12 London's Urban Markers

The Building Centre Breakfast Talk, 28/10/10
The lack of promised breakfast on this early Thursday morning at the Building Centre hinted at the disappointment one was to feel when talked to about current public art schemes proposed for London and its surrounding regions. The four urban markers presented were unimpressive, mainly due to a lack of design development and strength of concept, and a general feeling of pointlessness. (OK, perhaps I'm getting carried away with the cynicism, I quite like the white horse.) The four schemes presented were:

Anish Kapoor & Arup & Katherine Finlay – ‘Orbit’ an urban marker for the Olympic Park


See http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8597069.stm

‘A spiralling sculpture designed by Turner Prize-winning artist Anish Kapoor has been chosen as the monument to mark the London 2012 Olympic Games. The 115m tall piece, named the ArcelorMittal Orbit, will be placed in the Olympic Park and will be 22m higher than New York's Statue of Liberty. The £19.1m design incorporates the five Olympic rings and will offer visitors panoramic views of London.’

The red spiralling upside down trumpet seems a bit pointless, my favourite description found so far being: “(it) looks like a rollercoaster that’s been in an earthquake”.Read more:
http://distributedresearch.net/blog/2010/04/02/the-orbit-tower-olympic-park-stratford-east-london-2012#ixzz15wG3bZN6


Alan Baxter from the Euston Arch Trust – The Euston Arch




‘The Euston Arch Trust campaigns for the rebuilding of the Euston Arch, destroyed when Euston Station was redeveloped in the 1960s.
A proposed redevelopment of Euston now offers the chance to rebuild the Arch.
Built in 1838, the Euston Arch was the first great monument of the railway age – an architectural marvel. Standing an incredible 70 feet high, it dominated the approach to Euston Station until 1962, when it was demolished despite widespread protest. In an extraordinary turn of events, the stones from the Arch ended up at the bottom of a river in east London.'

See http://www.eustonarch.org/

Quite an entertaining folly, doubt it will ever happen, not if they need £10 million

Donis Architects – The London Gate, Aldgate

A tall skinny set of goal posts to be constructed on a traffic island next to Aldgate station as a ‘gateway’ to street 2012. Probably the weakest scheme presented, and the most unoriginal. Descirbed by the architect as ‘mass produced classicism’. Really?!

I quite like the simple comments made in this article:

http://londonist.com/2010/07/giant_rugby_posts_to_be_built_in_al.php

Mark Wallinger – The White Horse




http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/4599446/Mark-Wallingers-white-horse-is-a-winner.html

My favourite of the four, I liked the honesty of Mark Darby, the curator of this competition for a new MASSIVE piece of public art in Kent. The budget was BIG (and set before the recession), the scale needed for the site next to the 6 lane motorway BIG. Why not just make a BIG horse? Simple.

----


The introductory speech covered ideas of orientation and navigation in the city, a topic that arises often in writings about the city due to their relationship with the legibility of the city and the use of landmarks as a means of identifying place. Apparently, urban markers were used initially as a place around which a city was formed; a ‘stake’ in the ground as it were, though an increasingly unnecessary device in current times due to the ease at which we can orientate ourselves using interactive maps on phones.

If people now turn to their phone rather than looking at their surroundings to navigate and hence experience the city, one might question why these urban markers are necessary. Personally, I believe the character of a place can be strengthened by 'urban markers' but only those that are appropriate.

An interesting question was raised in the final Q&A, ‘how do you masterplan these markers?’ As the nature of London’s plan is ‘adhoc’ should this public art be strategically planned at all? or should it just happen? Or should it not happen? Aren’t we just adding clutter to a city that we are constantly trying to ‘de-clutter’? Don’t we have enough famous markers in London?

In my opinion, if these schemes were conceptually stronger, and perhaps more tastefully designed, then yes, there is a place for public art in both the city and when masterplanning, but the designs shown today were not good enough, de-cluttering should take away the bad, to make space for the good. In Wallinger’s case, it’s an empty field. Go for it (or fill the field with lots of little horses, or even better, cows - they'd also look nice, make money and strengthen the milk industry).

T10 Presentation: The Inbetween

When assembling this presentation, choosing pieces of work done for Unit 10 and thinking about what I wanted to say, the idea of ‘the inbetween’ was the most prevalent.

In terms of thinking about what I thought the course would be, what it is and what I want it to be (at least I think these were the general subheadings to the presentations) I decided that it was best to interrelate my studio work as much as possible to the MA, as by thinking in this manner I hope to add depth to my studio work, and a working case study to my Masters; vice to the versa.



With this in mind, I used our initial unit exercise, conveying 3 spaces from childhood: Urban, Landscape and Interior, to formulate what my previous perceptions of the city, urban design and planning were. This exercise highlighted the distance I felt from the urban as a child, the strongest memory being the chimneys of the oil refineries further around the coast (of Pembrokeshire). This led to the questioning of the divide between urban and rural felt, as having grown up in the countryside, the urban seemed far away, though how do we define the difference between Urban and Rural? Even in coastal towns there are buildings, and communities, and planning and design needed for activity to take place, therefore do we describe this planning as urban design? Something I think I need to explore.




The next use of ‘inbetween’ related to explorations done on site in Tottenham. A very green site, (rural or urban?) and the spaces experienced underneath outdoor railway bridges. Sat alongside my ‘interior’ memory of the loft of a shed at home, the image beneath the bridge felt more interior than exterior, a threshold, though not dividing one side of the path from the other in materiality or use, an inbetween between exterior and interior.




From early mappings of the site in Tottenham, problems of connection and legibility of the spaces available for public use were clear. Though the canal/river is littered with bridges, hardly any are for pedestrian use. There is a sensation of being lost, and no idea of what is there until explored. The study of ‘Rainham to the River’ as seen at the Mayor’s Great Spaces talk day could be useful in exploring what can be done to increase legibility and use of this green/reservoir space, creating connections through bridges and providing additional public buildings/spaces/amenities, to enhance the existing.

Simplified, I believe this course is an education in the inbetweens of professions: Planner/Architect/Urban Designer, and the whole umbrella of professions that have come up in previous discussions.

Wednesday 27 October 2010

T9 Lecture #3 What went wrong with the Thames Gateway?

Having hoped to learn more about the Thames Gateway developments, I was slightly disappointed when leaving the lecture still relatively unenlightened, and not quite sure where the ‘rip it up’ of the scheme was. This first half of the lecture series is all about critiquing schemes and analysing some of the problems faced, before the ‘start again’ of next term’s series. Considering there were members of the audience who have worked on, and have knowledge about the scheme, I felt hard done by. The first half/three quarters of the lecture instead were more biographical, mapping the developments of DFL, which though interesting, we had already heard a lot about in a previous lecture. Nevertheless, some of the theories touched upon, and graphics by DFL started to evoke the ideas of the northward expansion of development from the Thames that is currently underway. Perhaps searching for specific information about a case study for an area that is so large in scope is difficult to summarise in an hour long lecture.

I did find the idea of the propositional document ‘river places’ an interesting one, setting a ‘design code’ or framework for future developments on a large scale area. A tool for developing my own site in Tottenham/Odessa perhaps?

The second half of the lecture by Geoff Shearcroft veered to a large scale depiction of the whole Thames Valley (clarified as the area in which any drop of rain that falls on the surrounding hills and down to the river touches) and proceeded to talk rather generally about the city’s layout around its main waterway.

It also became evident how much an architect’s past influences their design approach during their career, as Geoff’s affinity to suburbia and car park use dominated the latter half of his lecture. Ideas of sustainability were challenged and hierarchy of scale in terms of grandeur of buildings to create a diverse architectural environment, which oddly is quite different to the norm of suburbia.

Monday 18 October 2010

T8 Lecture #2 What makes up the contemporary city?

In a precis on his book 'A Guide to the new Ruins of Great Britain' by Owen Hatherley, the lecture flitted around 12 cities of the UK, describing and critiquing its architecture with a notion of 5 phases England has encountered:

England 1: The quintessential, ceasing to earn its own living ie Oxford.

England 2: The industrial - steel works, mills, rail, mean lower class housing ie Sheffield.

England 3: Suburbia. Leisured industrial capitalism

England 4: Socialist England in between 1945 and 1979 - council estates, new town campus units.

Engalnd 5: Bright colourful developer lead housing blocks.

In one of his final answers, when propositioned about how we can better the Local Authority housing blocks in Hoxton, Owen Hatherley pointed out that the first course of action would be to better educate the public on the attributes of architecture, and how to appreciate it so that more of a demand would be created for better buildings, as stated by Nigel Taylor:

‘Town planning (and architecture) is not generally perceived as very significant in our society…even though most of us live in cities, and even though most of these cities are unpleasant to be in.’1

T7 Urban Design Roles

Following a discussion (Proposition 14/10/10) distinguishing the definition of urban design from spatial planning, and whether urban design encompasses a smaller/detailed or larger design than spatial planning; it was then discussed whether in fact the term 'managing' should be related to the role of an urban designer.

‘public spaces overall will only be as good as the processes by which they are created and managed and that, therefore, process as well as products need to be studied.'(1)

More thought into the collaboration between varying professions and urban design led to research into influencing consulting bodies:

Politicians

Public Administrators

Private Developers

Architects

Managers

Public Relations and Marketing

Brand Designers

Environmental Consultants

Planning Officers



(1) Public Space, Stephen Carr, Mark Francis, Leanne G Rivlin, Andrew M Stone, General Editors: Daniel Stokols, Irwin Altman, Cambridge University Press, 1992


T6 Urban Design Definitions


To create our own urban design definition, as a group (me, Emma, Nik) we started by highlighting the key words from all three of our initial definitions of Urban Design. From my original:

'Urban Design - Strategically creating a set of rules or ‘framework’ on a wider scale that, through analysis of context, user groups and infrastructure, protects existing attributes and culture, yet allows for the development of new routes, public and private architecture, and the spaces inbetween.'

From this we developed the following definition:

'To look at the city at its varying scales, studying the roles each part plays to protect existing attributes and culture, yet allowing for the development of new routes; public and private, and the spaces in between.'

Realizing that our use of the word 'part' perhaps wasn't elaborate enough, we then used the spider diagram to map what we believed formed the constituent parts of Urban Design.

(insert diagram here)

Further research into the definition of Urban Design, both in critical literature and in practicing 'urban designers' marketing statements led to the following definitions:


‘Public space is the stage upon which the drama of communal life unfolds. The streets, squares, and parks of a city give form to the ebb and flow of human exchange. These dynamic spaces are an essential counterpart to the more settled places and routines of work and home life, providing the channels for movement, the nodes of communication, and the common grounds for play and relaxation.’(1)


'Since real life is never linear, a strong vision and a flexible approach give master plans the resilience they need to guide development over time. Whether they’re for a city or community or an individual developer or property owner, successful master plans are robust enough to overcome the push and pull of the unforeseen, while creating added value at every stage of implementation.

Gensler’s planners work globally on a broad range of projects, from new urban districts and developments to suburban and exurban campuses, centers and communities. Sustainability is an important focus—with equal concern for the socio-economic health of the community and for its environmental quality. As urban designers, we know how to bring forward the experiential attributes that make a place memorable and attractive.'(2)



Smart urbanism is our working methodology for enabling change and delivering complexity in our towns and cities. It is how our ‘thinking’ and ‘tools’ can be applied to fix the ‘broken’. It could be termed ‘emergent’ urbanism or ‘open source’ urbanism or even ‘sustainable’ or ‘collaborative’ urbanism and certainly has the qualities of all.


Smart Urbanism has its roots in the belief that uniqueness of place is reflected against the backdrop of a clearly defined urban order. This order, in turn, provides the necessary framework for urban variety and provides the palette for the “city of a thousand designers”. While the underlying strategy is to extend and elaborate the structure and intensity of the city, there is a recognition of its implicit unpredictability.


Smart Urbanism has seven drivers to foster emergence. All are overlapping and self-reinforcing. All are essential:


  • COMPACTNESS: Places that capitalise on the collective and collateral benefits of closeness, contiguity and concentration.
  • COMPLEXITY: Places that offer the rich, varied and cumulative benefits of evolved mixed use development.
  • CONNECTEDNESS: Places that offer a choice of movement modes that are a consequence of coherent networks.
  • COLLABORATIVE: Places that foster civicness, sense of community, cohesiveness and build social capital.
  • CO:EFFICIENT: Places that factor in local environmental capital in all aspects of daily life.
  • CO-PRODUCTIVE: Places that are open to emergence and change by facilitating individual and collective actions.
  • COOLNESS: Places that are comfortable, creative, confident that have a strong sense of identity, ethics and values.



(1) Public Space, Stephen Carr, Mark Francis, Leanne G Rivlin, Andrew M Stone, General Editors: Daniel Stokols, Irwin Altman, Cambridge University Press, 1992

(2) Gensler website

(3) Urban Initiatives http://www.urbaninitiatives.co.uk/init.php?init=1

T5 Site

Unit 10: Tottenham Marshes/Odessa

Though we're not sure where exactly our site is at the moment, Emma and I have split the research work surrounding our site (Tottenham Marshes) and are researching the two separate borough's planning policies and proposals that currently exist around the area.

Information found for Waltham Forest is as follows (Emma is covering Haringay)

General information on the Tottenham Marshes in the Lee Valley Park:

http://www.leevalleypark.org.uk/en/content/cms/leisure/nature_reserves/marshes/marshes.aspx

Planning Context for the Lea Valley Park:

http://www.walthamforest.gov.uk/leabridge-pf-ch02.pdf

LBWF Planning Context:

http://www.brind.tv/marshes/con5/index.html

Supplementary planning document addressing infrastructural links

http://walthamforest-consult.limehouse.co.uk/portal/pp/supplementary_planning_documents/bhl_planning_tariffs?pointId=1211297274370

Blackhorse Lane Area proposals - including improving the connection between Tottenham Marshes and The Reservoirs. Includes information on the Sustainable Communities Plan, The London Plan, The Unitary Development Plan, and Local Issues:

http://www.walthamforest.gov.uk/bhl-ippf-area.pdf

pg 41 - MOL Lea Valley Green Grid Plan

http://static.london.gov.uk/mayor/strategies/sds/docs/spg-east-lon-green-grid-08.pdf



Thursday 14 October 2010

T4 Lecture #1 What is the city for?

In the first minutes of the lecture, I started associating Peter Carl's words to the discussions and film seen previously that day. The recalls memories of Koyaanisqatsi. However, references to Heidegger and 'the city giv(ing) structure to nature' sees human effect on the world in a more positive light.
Allegories of good and bad goverment, Sienna - Violence vs Urban peace

T3 Film #1 Koyaanisqatsi

Koyaanisqatsi: Life Out of Balance (1982, Godfrey Reggio)

The first thing to strike me about the film was that the first third of the film was uninhabited; only natural landscapes, and intense slow moving imagery. The first people we see interact with nature in a jarring image of a sunbathing family on the beach, oblivious to the huge power plant and dirt road behind them, a metaphor perhaps for humans ignorance to the effect we are having on the natural world.

Screen city methodology

An article by Cambridge Professor, Francois Penz, describes a way in which films about the city can be analysed, using three modes:

Film Genre Context

City Symphony: A typical city symphony would loosely follow the course of a day in the life of the city, creating a unity between space and time. Koyaanisqatsi almost seems to follow the structue of a day in the life of the United States, using a cyclical montage of imagery to describe the natural and urban landscape of the country over the period of a day. We are taken from early morning over the canyons and dunes to the sunset reflecting on the sharp glass edges of city buildings, to the evening lights of the city traffic and the large moon sliding behind a skyscraper. The city symphony, described by Penz(1), ‘its form – montage – was to prove critical to the history of cinema, and essential to any understanding of the relationship between cinema and the architecture of the city.’ We can see a similarity to documentary due to the films rhythmic, non-fictional framework, observing the outside world, as Charles Musser(2) states, ‘the shift in cultural outlook associated with documentary is also evident in the cycle of city symphony films, which […] took a modernist look at metropolitan life.’ Almost metaphor for the evolution of the planet; starting with nature, initial effect of mankind, the industrial revolution (large factories and production lines), modern office culture and consumerism.

Manipulation

The style of the film is effective in portraying the temporal city and its inhabitants. As we see the films 'real life' actors performing for the cameras, we get a sense of the fashions and dynamic of the decade in which it is set.

Digital City

The use of music throughout the film sets a pace at which we see the differing landscapes and city of the US. The inclusion of chants in the hopi language adds meaning to this musical backdrop, though a meaning we only learn in the credits at the end of the film.

The film in its entirety is a document of the social and natural impact we, as a western world make. Fields and fields of cultivated flowers, and booming industry, an exploration of mankind’s effects on nature, going from nature to mining, power plants, aeroplanes, trucks, tanks and atomic bombs. In the Hopi language, the word Koyaanisqatsi means "crazy life, life in turmoil, life out of balance, life disintegrating, a state of life that calls for another way of living".

(1) See Francois Penz, ‘Architecture and the Screen from Photography to Synthetic Imaging’ in Architectures of
Illusion, ed. Maureen Thomas & Francois Penz, (Intellect Books, 2003) pp.144-145
(2) Charles Musser, ‘Documentary’, The Oxford History of World Cinema: The definitive history of cinema
worldwide, ed. Geoffrey Nowell-Smith, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996) p.90

Thursday 7 October 2010

T2 Manifesto #1

Having lived only in rural Wales and Cambridge, my third year studio project, dissertation, and year in practice gave me the opportunity to acquaint myself with London. Observing the diverse architectural styles and people’s interaction with London’s dense urban fabric, I enjoy the contrast to my farming background in Pembrokeshire.

Recording the transition of the city of London, particularly its previous ‘edge territory’, the Lea Valley, was the theme of my dissertation at Cambridge, in which I compared the films of Patrick Keiller (‘London’) and Paul Kelly (‘Finisterre’, ‘What Have You Done Today Mervin Day’) alongside movements of social realism in British Cinema, seen in the documentaries of the 30’s and Free Cinema of the 50’s. The films’ realist and aesthetic qualities provided an insight into the social, cultural and political climate of the modern city. I suggested that Paul Kelly’s films capture the essence of today’s London, a tool that can be used to reflect on the city’s current architectural situation, and encourage its future regeneration.

My final year project at Cambridge triggered my interest in urban design, following a workshop held with Arup in which, as a group, we considered the formation of an ‘urban framework’ for our site in North Woolwich for the commercial redevelopment of the area. This strategy included new transport links, modernising nearby warehouses for largescale creative production, a new public realm, walkway and leisure centre all linked to the office hub (the focus of our third year portfolio).

My previous work experience at RHWL Architects covers a mixture of scales of commercial development and masterplanning, from a CAT A office refurbishment of ‘Senator House’ near St Pauls, to a rework of an Urban Initiatives masterplan for Salford, Manchester. I have also worked on masterplans in Stoke, York and Sunderland, tower and mini masterplan in Amsterdam. My experience in a commercial team has begun to cultivate my approach to urban design, though an approach that I am already cynical of, as communication with developers and planners is often littered with ‘jargon’ alongside ‘tick box’ drawings and 'nett to gross' values. I also dabbled in FFE selections and stage curtain design for the Guildhall School of Music and Drama and the Aylesbury Theatre (before jetting off to South America for 6 months to discover a different continent, with a sketchbook in hand, and the aim of learning Spanish.) My previous studio city trips include Barcelona, Paris, Rome, Rotterdam and Berlin.

I would like to integrate my interest in art and design into my Urban Design work to add an aesthetic quality to the images produced. My hobbies are to teach music (flute, piano and saxophone) and paint my native coastal landscapes using plaster and acrylic which I sell in a few small galleries at home, though the paintings are simple, I would like to carry the idea of using texture and colouring into elements of materiality and landscaping when thinking of public space design. Though I have few preconceived ideas in my approach to design, my past projects have been relatively traditional, playing with simple forms, materiality and light to create spaces with a human, physical quality. I would like to approach Urban Design with a similar mentality, introducing rigorous research and analysis to strengthen the scheme.